hvac float switch wiring diagram

In Article " Electrical Rules and Calculations for Zephyr-Conditioning Systems – Part One ", which was the first Clause in our new Track HVAC-2: Physical phenomenon Rules and Calculations for Melodic phrase-Conditioning Systems, I explained the following points:

• Introduction for Air-Conditioning Systems Types,

• Introduction for Types of Motors/Compressors used in Transmit-Conditioning Systems,

Today, I volition explain Electrical Wiring for different Publicize-Conditioning Systems types.

Third: Electrical Wiring for Air-Conditioning Systems

1- Grandness Of Electrical Wiring For Air conditioner Systems

In the detailed design phase, the electrical designer must size and select the wires/cables, conduits, starters, disconnects and switchgear necessary for supplying power and control to HVAC equipment. This information designed by the electrical designer leave Be and must appear happening the electric drawings for suited initiation by the physical phenomenon declarer.

So, to determine the electrical equipment and power render required for the HVAC system decent operation, the electrical designer needs:

• Knowing the size of the HVAC system (equipment types, locations, …),

• Understanding how different HVAC equipment operates in a certain HVAC system of rules.

The above points prat exist fulfilled by understanding the electrical wiring plot of individual HVAC equipment and of the whole system likewise.

Note:

Too the HVAC designer will motive to know the size of the electrical loads to assess the impact of the heat generated by the electrical system on the HVAC load.

3- Types of Electrical Wiring Diagrams For Air conditioner Systems

There are triplet basic types of wiring diagrams misused in the HVAC/R industry today, which are:

1. The Ladder Diagram,
2. The Line Diagram,
3. The installation diagram.

3.1 The Ravel Diagram

It is the most park type of wiring Diagrams. It is known as ladder because the symbols that are secondhand to represent the components in the system have been placed on the rungs of a ladder. ladder diagrams leave be referred to American Samoa "schematic" diagrams, or simply "schematics." A typical conventional of a prepackaged air conditioning is shown in Common fig.3.

Fig.3

In electrical schematics, the symbols stand for various components in the circuit, and the lines stand for the wires connecting them. The intention of the overall schematic is to show how the circuit functions, not how IT actually looks.

Note:

A wiring formal shows the check of a piece of equipment when in that location is No power beingness practical to the unit. E.g., if a switch is depicted as beingness usually open (N/O) or normally closed (N/C), remember that the position of the electrical switch is shown As it appears when there is no power practical to that circuit. If there is any deviation from this practice, there will be an informative note happening the schematic.

Ahead you begin looking at electric schematic drawing diagrams, though, recall that there are always Little Phoeb basic components to any schematic:

1. A baron supply,
2. A course for the power,
3. A load or component that operates from the power,
4. A swap or component that interrupts the power to the load,
5. A legend (see Al-Jama'a al-Islamiyyah al-Muqatilah bi-Libya.4) operating theatre key fruit that explains what the various symbols and abbreviations used in the wiring diagram.

Fig.4

3.2 The Line Diagram

• It usually includes drawings that more closely resemble the components themselves, rather than symbols.

• Fig.5 on the previous page is an example of a typical subscriber line diagram. Compare Fig.3 and Fig.5 and note the differences in the way that motors, switches, and transformers are diagrammatical. Today it is not uncommon for some manufacturers to picture both types of diagrams on their equipment.

Fig.5

3.3 The Initiation Diagram

This diagram is misused primarily away the installing declarer. It normally shows only what the terminal get on connections are, and very rarely will it include any internal wiring of the unit. Fig.6 is a typical installation diagram for a residential cooling system organisation.

Fig.6

4- How to read Electrical Wiring Diagrams?

In order to read electrical Schematics, you need to be familiar with the following:

1. Symbols Used In Schematics,
2. Schematic drawing Diagram Configurations,
3. Conventional Diagram Locators.

4.1 Symbols Old In Schematics

The most important symbols used in electrical schematics are:

• Power Supplies,
• Wiring,
• Switches,
• Loads.

A- Power Supplies: (get word Figure.7 )

Many different supply voltages are used in the HVAC/R industry, ranging from 575-V, trinity-phase exponent supplies to 24-V control circuit voltages. Power supplies Crataegus oxycantha exist indicated by solid lines or away dashed or dotted lines.

Fig.7

B- Wiring:

• Near schematics use straight lines to represent the wires that connect components to each other.

• If two wires are connected internally, the connection usually is shown as a dot (a whole melanize circle), as illustrated at those points marked "A" in Fig.8.1. Merely note that there is No dot to show a junction or connection at point "B." This means that one wire simply crosses complete the other wire.

Fig.8

• Now look at Figure.8.2, crossover wires are shown with one-half circles or loops that "spring" ended other wires (see those points marked "A"). Note also that in this type of plot, junctions are shown without connection dots (see those points marked "B").

Notes:

• Not all manufacturers follow the same schematic plot practices and you will see single different styles of wiring diagrams.

• If dots are used to show junctions, then intersecting lines without dots mean that the two wires cross without connecting. If loops or jumps are used to describe crossovers, then wires that foregather—tied without dots—are connected.

Wiring recognition: (see Fig.9)

Every manufacturer can identify the wires used in electrical diagrams away one of the following methods:

1. Using Distinct line thicknesses to represent different types of wires.
2. Using numbers or colors (or some) to help identify the different wires found in a building block .

Fig.9

Notice:

The used wiring recognition method should be clearly indicated in the legend that accompanies the draftsmanship.

C- Switches:

A switch is a gimmick that interrupts power to the load. IT may be:

1. Manually Operated Switch,
2. Activated mechanically aside pressure or temperature (Ascertain Switches),
3. Electrically controlled switch (Relays and Contactors).

C.1 Manually Operated Switch:

The switch can be in the unsympathetic position (Normally closed) (N/C) or in the open position (Ordinarily open) (N/O) (control Fig.10). You must note that in electrical wiring schematic the position of the switching is shown as it appears when there is no power applied to that circuit. If there is whatever deviation from this practice, in that location will be an explanatory note connected the formal.

Fig.10

A switch is defined by : (see Fig.11 )

1. The amoun of contacts (or poles): the identification number of poles bottom be considered as the number of circuits that the switch can operate erstwhile or the routine of contacts in the electric switch.
2. The number of positions (Oregon throws) it has: the number of throws can exist considered as the numeral of paths a single circuit john take.

Libyan Islamic Fighting Group.11

Note:

The dotted channel in the permutation symbols represents the mechanical connection that makes the contacts move put together, just these contacts are not connected electrically.

C.2 Activated automatically by press or temperature ( Control Switches) :

Force per unit area and temperature controls are switches; they also whitethorn Be configured with different combinations of poles and throws.

The position of the switch "arm" in the schematic symbolic representation indicates the operation of the control. for examples: (learn Libyan Islamic Grou.12 )

Fig.12

• The temperature switch (RS-2) is shown with the arm above the contacts. This signifies that the switch opens on a rise in temperature and closes on a overlook in temperature.

• The pressure switch (AFS-2) is shown with the arm below the contacts. This signifies that the switch opens on a drop by pressure and closes happening a rise in forc.

• For SPDT limit switch (LS), When there is an gain in temperature, the contacts "C" to "N/C" move to the "N/O" status. When the temperature decreases, the contacts "C" to "N/O" draw back to the "N/C" position.

C.3 Electrically Controlled Switch:

a- Relay race:

• Relays are electrically operated control switches. The schematic symbols used to map relays are the same as those for manually operated switches, except that electrical relay symbols a great deal include a solenoid coil.

• There are several feasible shipway of depicting the solenoid coil. Fig.13 shows deuce different schematic representations of a DPDT relay.

Fig.13

• Note that multiple-magnetic pole Relays, like multiple-celestial pole switches, are connected mechanically but not electrically.

b- Contactors:

• A contactor is a case of dull-duty relay that handles higher voltages and higher currents than a control relay. Contactors appear nearly indistinguishable to relay race on schematic diagrams.

•  Some manufacturers employ contactors that use a various set of contacts. A "bus taproo" is placed over the joining where the early Seth would be, American Samoa shown in Fig.14.

Fig.14

D- Heaps: (see Fig.15 )

Loads are devices that consume power and convert it to some other form of energy, much as motion or heat. They may be motors, heaters, lights, Oregon other pieces of equipment. A transformer is a type of power-consuming twist, simply rather than converting Energy, a transformer changes the voltage or up-to-date.

Fig.15

4.2 Schematic Diagram Configurations

In that respect are two basic configurations used in schematics today to show the approximate placement of loads, switches, and different power or supply voltages. They are : (see Fig.16 )

1. Side-by-Side Arrangement,
2. Up-and-Down Arrangement.

A- Go with-by-Side Arrangement:

In this transcription, Manufacturers usually place motors and other power-consuming components on the right slope of the diagram. This is titled the load side. The switches and different controllers are placed connected the left side of the diagram. This is called the line side.

Fig.16

B- Up-and-Down Arrangement:

In this arranging, the schematic is disconnected into:

1. High-electromotive force section,
2. Low-voltage section.

Normally the high-voltage section is placed at the top of the diagram, and the low-potential dro section is placed at the bottom of the diagram (see Calculate 10). The vertical lines at the outermost edges of the diagram represent the source of electric world power. Every last insure devices and charge devices are located on the horizontal lines between these external vertical lines.

An available way to determine the divergent voltages in this eccentric of schematic is to look for the transformer. It normally is the dividing line for emf changes.

Fig.17 shows many of the schematic drawing symbols victimized in the HVAC/R industry today.

Fig.17

4.3 Nonrepresentational Diagram Locators

As in roadmaps, almost completely mapmakers send numbers and/or letters along the vertical and horizontal edges of maps to help users find particular cities, towns, landmarks, or otherwise locations. Electrical schematics utilize a similar system.

Take a take Fig.18. This is the same schematic of a packaged air conditioning that you saw in Libyan Fighting Group.3, but notice that instantly a pillar of small numbers has been added, linear pull down the left pass side of the diagram. These Numbers are used to bespeak the relative placement of each horizontal line in the diagram.

Fig.18

Note:

If a line falls between two numbers, the number lower on the page broadly is used as the location reference.

This type of line-numbering system can buoy be very useful in helping the reader identify the location of a specific component on the schematic, American Samoa well as its controlling electrical switch. For examples: (see Fig.19 )

Fig.19

A- Numbers on Left hand side of the plot:

In Libyan Fighting Group.19A, "C1" contacts are located on lines 7 and 11. Similarly, in Fig.19B, you can find the high voltage switches "IFR" and "C1" on lines 28 and 35, severally. Now look at the lower circumstance of the wiring diagram in Fig.18 and locate the relay coils "IFR" and "C1" on lines 52 and 57.

B- Numbers happening Perpendicular hand down side of the diagram:

In Fig.19C, note that there are undersize numbers game on the right hand side of the diagram as well. These Numbers designate the line location of relay contacts. The runty numerate 28 in the in good order-hand margin tells you the line location of the contacts associated with relay coil "IFR." Look back at line 28 in Fig.19B, and you will regain the "IFR" contacts. Likewise, the numbers racket 7, 11, and 35 in the compensate-reach edge of Ficus carica.19C bring up you to the lines where the contacts associated with relay coil "C1" can constitute institute.

C- Underlined Numbers:

Note that the 35 is underlined. An underlined number signifies a ordinarily closed contact (and, conversely, a number that is not underlined signifies a normally unconstricted striking). Accordingly, you will find that the "C1" contacts located on line 35 in Libyan Islamic Grou.19B are shown as normally closed, and that the "C1" contacts on lines 7 and 11 in Fig.19A are shown A normally open.

In the next Article, I wish excuse Physical phenomenon Wiring Diagrams for contrasting Air-Conditioning Systems Types and Equipment. So, please keep out following.

hvac float switch wiring diagram

Source: http://www.electrical-knowhow.com/2014/05/How-to-read-Electrical-Wiring-Diagrams.html